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Russia, officially known as the Russian Federation, is the largest nation in the world, and spans the northern parts of the Eurasian continental land mass.  It is bordered on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the east by the Bering Strait, the Pacific Ocean, and Alaska, on the southeast by Mongolia and China, on the southwest by Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Georgia, and on the west by Ukraine, Belarus, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland.

Russia occupies an area of 6,592,771 square miles, and its capital city, Moscow, is situated in the western part of the country.

Russia Map, Showing Major Cities and Administrative Divisions

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Geography of Russia

Mount Elbrus, Caucasus Mountains, Russia About 80% of the country lives in what is called European Russia, an area that lies west of the Ural Mountains.  The land, which is mostly flat, rises to the Caucasus Mountains in the south with Russia's highest peak, Elbrus.  Siberia has quite a different landscape, and while it is mostly made up of plains and plateaus, it does have mountains in the east and south.  Russia has many active volcanoes in the far east, particularly in the Kamchatka peninsula.

Russia is not only the largest nation in the world, it also has some of the world's longest rivers, including the Yenisey-Angara and Ob-Irtysh.  One of the world's largest seas, the Caspian, is within Russia's borders, as is the world's deepest lake, Lake Baikal.  Baikal is also known for harboring the world's only freshwater seal species, although the lake's ecology has recently been threatened by pollution.

The Moscow area and much of western Russia enjoys warm summers and cold, snowy winters.  South central Siberia has a colder, harsher, and drier climate, while northern Siberia has the harshest, coldest environment in all of Russia.

Leading Russian Cities

Russia's primary cities are Moscow and Saint Petersburg.  Moscow is the hub of the dramatic changes sweeping through the country.  Wealthy capitalists of the New Russia and poor pensioners share the sidewalks, and modern office buildings adjoin medieval monasteries.  The Kremlin, at the center of the city, is where the country's administration lives.  Surrounding the Kremlin are Red Square, the Lenin Mausoleum, and the cathedral of Basil the Beatified.

Saint Petersburg, sometimes called the Venice of the North, reminds visitors of the days of the czars, with its palace-lined waterways and grand architectural elegance.  Located on the delta of the River Neva, St. Petersburg is a major Gulf of Finland seaport.  In addition to being an important cultural and historical hub, St. Petersburg is the second-largest city in Russia.

Russia Travel Information

Red Square, Moscow, Russian Federation Popular tourist attractions in Russia include the Kremlin and the Red Square in Moscow as well as several fine arts museums, most notably the State Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg.  For a tour of the countryside, visitors may travel across central and eastern Russia on the Trans-Siberian Railway.  Gora El'brus, Russia's highest point, towers at 18,481 feet (5,633 meters).  For more information about Russia and its government, visit the President of Russia website.

Russia Tourism

Russia Resources

Russia News

  • Japan and Russia to boost economic security ties
    The foreign ministers of Japan and Russia have agreed to strengthen economic and security cooperation but made no progress on resolving a long-standing territorial dispute over islands off northeastern Japan.Foreign Minister ...
    New Zealand Herald.  Sat, 28 Jan 2012 19:05:34 +1200.
  • Russia Clashes with Europeans, Arabs Over Syria UN Resolution
    Russian Ambassador Vitaly Churkin says new draft text ignores Moscow’s 'red lines' where they could not go.
    Margaret Besheer.  Voice of America.  Sat, 28 Jan 2012 11:41:16 GMT.
  • Russia stalls UN resolution on Syria action
    Syrian death toll spikes as Russia opposes a new Arab and European bid to secure tough United Nations resolution.
    Mail & Guardian.  Sat, 28 Jan 2012 11:35:00 +0200.
  • Japan, Russia far from resolved on territorial dispute
    p TOKYO (AFP) - Japanese Foreign Minister Koichiro Gemba said on Saturday that a heated, decades-long territorial dispute with Russia was far from solved even as they agreed to boost security and economic cooperation. ...
    Straits Times.  Sat, 28 Jan 2012 11:18:00 GMT.
  • Azarenka Bullies Sharapova to Claim Maiden Major
    Victoria Azarenka became the first Belarusian to win a grand slam singles title when she claimed the Australian Open title with a crushing 6-3 6-0 victory over Russia's Maria Sharapova on Saturday.
    By Reuters.  International Herald Tribune.  Sat, 28 Jan 2012 10:26:29 GMT.

Related European and Asian Websites

Russia straddles the northern part of the Eurasian continental land mass; these maps of Europe and maps of Asia will provide some visual, geographical context for understanding Russia's location.
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